<\/p>\n
\ubcf5\uc74c\uc804\ub3c4\ub97c \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\ub9bd\ub41c \uc131\uc11c\uacf5\ud68c\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uc0ac\uc5ed\uc778 \uc131\uc11c \ubc88\uc5ed\uacfc \ucd9c\ud310\uacfc \ubc18\ud3ec \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc774 \uc9c0\ub2cc \uc2e0\ud559\uc801 \uc758\ubbf8\ub294 \uc2e4\ub85c \ud06c\ub2e4. \uc131\uc11c \ubc88\uc5ed\uc774\ub098 \ucd9c\ud310\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uacbd\uc804 \ubc88\uc5ed\uc774\ub098 \ucc45 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uae30\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc131\uc11c \uc18d\uc5d0 \ub2f4\uae34 \u2018\ud558\ub098\ub2d8\uc758 \ub9d0\uc500\u2019\uc774 \ud55c \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub85c \uc62e\uaca8\uc9d0\uc73c\ub85c \ub9d0\uc500 \uc18d\uc5d0 \ub2f4\uae34 \ubcf5\uc74c\uc740 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ubb38\ud654\uc758 \ud1a0\uc591 \uc18d\uc5d0 \ubfcc\ub9ac\ub97c \ub0b4\ub9b0\ub2e4. \uc989 \ud1a0\ucc29 \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub85c \ubc88\uc5ed\ub41c \ub9d0\uc500\uc744 \uc77d\uc740 \ud1a0\ucc29\ubbfc\ub4e4\uc774 \uae68\ub2ec\uc740 \uc9c4\ub9ac\ub97c \uc790\uae30\uc5d0\uac8c \uc775\uc219\ud55c \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc640 \ubb38\ud654\uc758 \uc591\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ud558\uace0 \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \uc790\uae30 \uc0b6\uc758 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2e4\ucc9c\ud568\uc73c\ub85c \u201c\ub9d0\uc500\uc774 \uc721\uc2e0\uc774 \ub418\ub294\u201d(\uc694 1:14) \uc131\uc721\uc2e0(\u6210\u8089\u8eab, incarnation) \uc0ac\uac74\uc744 \uacbd\ud5d8\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uae30\ub3c5\uad50\uc640 \uadf8 \ubb38\ud654\ub294 \u2018\ub0af\uc120 \uac83\uc5d0\uc11c \uc775\uc219\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c\u2019(from the alien to the familiar) \ubc14\ub00c\ub294\ub370 \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \ubcf5\uc74c\uc758 \ud1a0\ucc29\ud654(\u571f\u7740\u5316, indigenization)\ub77c \ubd80\ub978\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uae30\ub3c5\uad50 \ubcf5\uc74c\uc774 \uc804\ud30c\ub418\ub294 \uacf3\uc5d0\ub294 \uc5b8\uc81c\ub098 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubcf5\uc74c\uc758 \ud1a0\ucc29\ud654, \ub9d0\uc500\uc758 \uc131\uc721\uc2e0 \uc0ac\uac74\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\ub294\ub370 \uc131\uc11c \ubc88\uc5ed\uacfc \uc778\uc1c4, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubc18\ud3ec \uc0ac\uc5ed\uc774 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \u2018\ub9d0\uc500\u2019 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub3c4 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\uc600\ub294\ub370 \ud2b9\ud788 \ud1a0\ucc29\uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \u2018\ub9d0\uc500 \uacf5\ubd80\u2019 \ubaa8\uc784\uc778 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8\ub7f0 \ud604\uc0c1\uc774 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0ac\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
1. \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uc640 \ubd80\ud765\uc6b4\ub3d9<\/p>\n
\ud55c\uad6d\uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c(\u67fb\u7d93\u6703)\uac00 \uc5b8\uc81c, \uc5b4\ub514\uc11c, \ub204\uad6c\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0 \uc815\ud655\ud788 \uc54c \uc218\ub294 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub9cc \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c \uac15\uc0ac\ub098 \uc218\uac15\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc774 \ubaa8\ub450 \uad50\uc7ac\uc778 \ud55c\uae00 \uc131\uc11c\ub97c \uc9c0\ub140\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c \ud2b9\uc218\uc131\uc744 \uac10\uc548\ud560 \ub54c \ucabd\ubcf5\uc74c \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c\ub098\ub9c8 \uad6d\ub0b4 \ubc88\uc5ed\ubcf8\ub4e4\uc774 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc885\ub958\ub85c \ub2e4\ub7c9 \uc778\uc1c4\ub418\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c 1896\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0\uc57c \ubcf8\uaca9\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uac00 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc84c\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ucd94\uc815\ub41c\ub2e4. \ud1a0\ucc29\uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5b8\uae09\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 1897\ub144 8\uc6d4 \ub9d0 \uc11c\uc6b8\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1c\ucd5c\ub41c \uc7a5\ub85c\ud68c \uc5f0\ud569\uacf5\uc758\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd81\uc7a5\ub85c\ud68c \uc120\uad50\uc0ac \ubca0\uc5b4\ub4dc(W. M. Baird)\uac00 \uc120\uad50 \uacc4\ud68d\uc744 \ubcf4\uace0\ud558\ub294 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \u201c\ud3c9\uc591\uc73c\ub85c \ub9ac\uc0e4\uf537\uace0 \ueaab \ud3c9\uc591\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\ub97c \uc96c\uc7dd\uf537\uace0\u201d \ub77c\ub294 \ub300\ubaa9\uc774 \ub098\uc624\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub85c \ubbf8\ub8e8\uc5b4 1897\ub144 \uc774\uc804 \ud3c9\uc591\uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uac00 \uc2e4\uc2dc\ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc74c\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub4ec\ud574(1898\ub144) 6\uc6d4\uacfc 7\uc6d4 \ud3c9\uc591\uacfc \ubd80\uc0b0\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1c\ucd5c\ub41c \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae30\uc0ac\uac00 \uff62\uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub3c4\uc2e0\ubb38\uff63\uc5d0 \uc2e4\ub838\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\u201c\uc9c0\ub098\uac04 \ub959\uc6d4\uacfc \uce60\uc6d4 \ub450 \ue38f \ub3d9\uc548\uc744 \ud3c9\uc591\uad50\ud68c\uc5d0\uc154 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\ue470 \ud558\uc5ff\ue285\ub300 \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84 \ubaa9\ue97d\ub4e4\uc774 \uc169\uacbd\uc5d0 \uae41\ud754 \ueae2\uc744 \uad50\uc6b0\ub4e4\uc758\uac8c \ud798\uc368 \ub9cc\ud788 \ue1a7\ue46c\ucce3\ub354\ub77c. \ueaab \ubd80\uc0b0\uc154\ub3c4 \uc9c0\ub098\uac04 \uce60\uc6d4\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\ue470 \uf537\uc5ff\ue285\ub300 \ubaa9\ue97d \uc544\ub2f4\uc528\uac00 \uc2ed\uc5ec\uba85 \uad50\uc6b0\ub4e4\uc758\uac8c \ub204\uac00\ubcf5\uc74c \uf53a \uad8c\uc744 \ub2e4 \uf1fc\uc170\ud788 \uacf5\ubd80\uc2dd\ud613\ub354\ub77c.\u201d<\/p>\n
\ud3c9\uc591 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \ub450 \ub2ec \ub3d9\uc548 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \uacf5\ubd80\ud588\ub294\uc9c0 \uc54c \uc218 \uc5c6\uc9c0\ub9cc \ubd80\uc0b0\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud55c \ub2ec \ub3d9\uc548 \ub204\uac00\ubcf5\uc74c \uc804\uccb4\ub97c \ubc30\uc6e0\ub2e4. \uc774\ucc98\ub7fc \ud3c9\uc591\uacfc \ubd80\uc0b0\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1c\ucd5c\ub41c \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uac00 \uc7a5\ub85c\uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub77c\uba74 \uac10\ub9ac\uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 1899\ub144 1\uc6d4 \uac1c\ucd5c\ub41c \ud3c9\uc591 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubcf4\uace0\uac00 \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\u201c\uc6b0\ub9ac \uad50\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc720\uc775\uf53a \uac83\uc740 \uc169\uacbd\uc744 \uacf5\ubd80\uf545\uc774\ub77c. \uc774\ub7fc\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\ue285 \uf550 \uc74c\ub825 \u5341\u4e8c\uc6d4 \u4e8c\u5341\uc77c \uc704\uc2dc\uf537\uc5ec \uc0e4\uacbd\ud68c\ub97c \uc15c\uc2dc\uf537\uc5ff\ue285\ue3a8 \uac01\uccd0 \uad50\uc6b0\ub4e4\uacfc \ubcf8\uad50\ud68c \ud615\ub3a8\uf1fc\ue57b \uc981 \uacf5\ubd80\ub97c \ud798\uc4f0\ue285 \uc0ac\ue477 \ue97d\uc2ed\uc5ec\uc778\uc774 \ubaa9\ue97d \ue3a9\uc5d0 \ubaa8\ud788\uc5ec \uc854\uc854\ud788 \uae43\ubd84 \ue560\uee93\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ue283\ub2d8\uea45 \uae14\ub3c4\uf537\uace0 \uc544\uf34b \uc544\ud649\uc2dc\ub85c \uc5f4\uf53a\uc2dc\uea58\uc9c0\ue285 \ub85c\ub9c8\uc778\uc154\ue470 \uacf5\ubd80\uf537\uace0 \uc624\ud6c4 \ub450\uc2dc\ub85c \ub124\uc2dc\uea61\uc9c0\ue285 \uc694\ud55c \u4e00\u4e8c\u4e09\uc154\uc640 \ub514\ub3c4\uc154\uc640 \uc544\uac01\uc154\ub97c \uacf5\ubd80\uf537\uc5ec \uf53a \ue38f \ub3d9\uc548\uc5d0 \ud558\ue283\ub2d8\uc758 \ubb35\uc6b0\uf537\uc2e0 \uc740\ud61c\uc640 \ubaa9\ue97d\uc758 \uc169\uc2e4\ud788 \ue1a7\ue46c\uce68\uc73c\ub85c \ud615\ub3a8\uc640 \uf1fc\ue57b\ub4e4\uc774 \ue560\uee93 \ub208\uc744 \uc5f4\uc5b4 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc758 \uc720\uc775\uf545\uc744 \uc5c7\uace0 \uac01\uac01 \ubc0b\ue285 \ue560\uee93\uc774 \ub354\uc6b1 \uad7f\uac74\ucf00 \uf537\uc5ff\ue97d\uc624\ub2c8 \uac10\ue97d\uf537\uee95\ue299\ub2e4.\u201d<\/p>\n
\uc5ed\uc2dc \ud55c \ub2ec \ub3d9\uc548 40\uc5ec \uba85\uc774 \ubaa8\uc5ec \uc624\uc804\uacfc \uc624\ud6c4\ub85c \ub098\ub204\uc5b4 \uc131\uacbd \uacf5\ubd80\ub97c \ud558\uc600\ub294\ub370 \ubc29\uae08 \uc778\uc1c4\ub418\uc5b4 \ub098\uc628 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc885\ub958 \uc0ac\ub3c4\uc11c\uc2e0\uc744 \uac16\uace0 \uacf5\ubd80\ud558\uc600\uc74c\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc2dc\uc791\ub41c \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uac00 \uc2e0\uc57d\uc131\uc11c \uc804\uccb4\uac00 \uc778\uc1c4\ub418\uc5b4 \ub098\uc628 1900\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4 \ub354\uc6b1 \ud65c\uc131\ud654\ub418\uc5c8\uc74c\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860\uc774\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \ud3c9\uc591\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc5ed\ud558\ub358 \ubbf8\uac10\ub9ac\ud68c \uc5ec\uc120\uad50\uc0ac \ub178\ube14(M. K. Noble) \ubd80\uc778\uc774 1903\ub144 \uac00\uc744\uc5d0 \uac1c\ucd5c\ud560 \uc5ec\uc790\uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\ub97c \uc18c\uac1c\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc4f4 \uae00\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\u201c\uc774\uc83c\uc5d0 \uc169\uacbd\uc774 \ubd80\uc8e1\uf53c \uea7f\uc5d0\ue285 \ub204\uad6c\ub358\uc9c0 \uc169\uacbd\uc744 \uf53a\uc2dc \ub3d9\uc548\ub9cc \ubcf4\uace0\uc838 \uf537\uc5ec\ub3c4 \ub3c8 \uc2ed\uc6d0\uc744 \ub0b4\uc5ec\uc57c \ubcf4\uc653\uac70\ub2c8\uc640 \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \ub204\uad6c\ub358\uc9c0 \uc169\uacbd\uc744 \uc0ac\uc154 \uf1fc\uae14 \uc9d1\uc5d0 \ub450\uace0 \ub298 \uacf5\ubd80\uf53c \uc218 \uc787\ue285 \uac70\ue97f \uac10\uc0ac\uf53a \uc77c\uc774\uc694 \ueaab\uf53a \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c \ue1a7\ue46c\uce58\ue285 \uac70\ue97f \ubc18\ue299\ue470 \uc5f4\uc2ec\ucf00 \ud558\uace0 \uc624\ue487\ub3c4\ub85d \uc169\uacbd\uacf5\ubd80\uf53a \uc158\ue9a2\ub4e4\uc774 \uac11\uc5c5\uc2dc \uc624\ue285 \uc774\uc5d0\uac8c \ue1a7\ue46c\uce60 \ud130\uc774\ub2c8 \uc774\ue285 \ubc0b\ue285 \uc0ac\ue477\uc758 \uc77c\uce58 \ubabb\uf53c \ub9db\ub2f9\uf53a \ub434\ud754 \uae14\ud68c\ub2c8\ub77c.\u201d<\/p>\n
\ub204\uad6c\ub4e0 \uc6d0\ud558\uba74 \uc131\uc11c\ub97c \uad6c\ud574 \uc77d\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub41c \uad50\ud68c \ud658\uacbd\uc774 \uc131\uacbd\uacf5\ubd80\uc640 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\ub97c \ud65c\uc131\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a8 \uc694\uc778\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ub178\ube14 \ubd80\uc778\uc740 \uc131\uc11c\ub97c \u2018\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0 \ud3b8\uc9c0\u2019\ub85c, \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\ub97c \u2018\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0 \ud3b8\uc9c0 \ubcf4\ub7ec\uac00\ub294 \uac83\u2019\uc73c\ub85c \ube44\uc720\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\u201c\uc169\uacbd\uc740 \ud558\ue283\ub2d8\uc774 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758\uac8c \uc8fc\uc2e0 \ud3b8\uc9c0\ub2c8 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758\uac8c \uc8fc\uc2e0\uac70\ue982 \ub2e4 \uc5f4\uc2ec\ud788 \uacf5\ubd80\uf537\uace0 \uc2ed\ud758 \uac70\uc2dc\uc624 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc544\ubc14\uc9c0\uc758 \ud3b8\uc9c0\uc640 \uacbd\uacc4\ue470 \uc544\ubaa8 \ue3a8\uc774\ub358\uc9c0 \ue1a7\ue46c\uce58\ue285 \uc774\uac00 \uc787\ue97d\uba74 \uc2dc\uc791\uf537\uae30 \uc83c \ub450\uc5b4\ub0a0 \ub3d9\uc548\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c \uc62c\ub098\uac00\ue285 \uae38\ub178 \ud070 \ubb34\ub9ac\uac00 \ub298 \ue1a7\ub4dd\ud788 \ub2e8\ub2d0 \ud130\uc774\ub2c8 \uadf8\ub7f0\uace0\ub85c \ub2e4\ue46e \ue669\uc169\uc774 \ubb47\uae30\ue470 \ubb34\ue98b \uc77c\ub178 \uc774\ub7ec\ucf00 \ubaa8\ud600\uac00\ue283\ub1e8 \uf537\uba74 \ub2e4 \uc5f4\uc2ec\ud788 \ue3a8\ub2f5\ud558\uae30\ue470 \uc608\ube44\uf53c\uc9c0\ub2c8 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc544\ubc14\uc9c0 \ud3b8\uc9c0\ubcf4\ub7ec \uac00\ub178\ub77c \ub0b4\uac00 \uc5ec\ud638\uc640\uc758 \ub390\uc5d0 \uc601\uc6d0\uc774 \uc0b4\uc774\ub85c\ub2e4 \uf537\uba70(\uc2dc \u4e8c\u5341\u4e09O\u516d ) \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc640 \ue1bf\uce58 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc0ac\ue477\uc774 \ub2e4 \ue3a8\uc849\uc744 \ubc27\uc744 \ud130\uc774\ub2c8 \uc6b0\ub9ac \ue1bf\uce58 \uac11\uc170\ub2e4 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc640 \uf545\uea45 \ud558\ue283\ub2d8 \uc555\ud750\ub85c \ub098\uac11\uc170\ub2e4 \uf53c\uc9c0\ub2c8\ub77c.\u201d<\/p>\n
\uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uac00 \ud65c\uc131\ud654\ub418\uba74\uc11c \uadf8 \ud615\ud0dc\uc640 \ub0b4\uc6a9\ub3c4 \ub2e4\uc591\ud574\uc84c\ub2e4. \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d4 \uc131\uc11c \uacf5\ubd80\ub9cc \ud588\ub294\ub370 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \ud750\ub974\uba74\uc11c \uc131\uc11c \uacf5\ubd80 \uc678\uc5d0 \uae30\ub3c5\uad50 \uad50\ub9ac\uc640 \uad50\uc778\uc0dd\ud65c\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uae30\ucd08 \uacfc\uc815\ub3c4 \uc0bd\uc785\ud588\uace0 \uc624\ud6c4\uc5d0\ub294 \ubd88\uc2e0\uc790\ub97c \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uc804\ub3c4\ud65c\ub3d9\ub3c4 \ubc8c\uc774\uace0 \uc800\ub141\uc5d0\ub294 \uc774\ub4e4\uc744 \ub300\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uc804\ub3c4\uc9d1\ud68c\ub97c \uc5f4\uae30\ub3c4 \ud588\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c \uae30\uac04\ub3c4 1-2\uc8fc \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \ucd95\uc18c\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70 \uad50\ud68c \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c \uc2e4\uc2dc\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uace0 \uc9c0\uc5ed \ub0b4 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uad50\ud68c\uac00 \uc5f0\ud569\ud574\uc11c \uc2e4\uc2dc\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc5f0\ud569 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\ub97c \u2018\ub3c4\uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\u2019(\u90fd\u67fb\u7d93\u6703)\ub77c \ubd88\ub800\ub294\ub370 \ud3c9\uc591\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f4\ub9b0 \ub3c4\uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uac00 1907\ub144 \ud3c9\uc591 \ub300\ubd80\ud765\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uae30\ud3ed\uc81c\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\uc74c\uc740 \uc798 \uc54c\ub824\uc9c4 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc99d\uc5b8\uc744 \ud3c9\uc591\ub178\ud68c \uc5ed\uc0ac\uae30\ub85d(1925\ub144)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77d\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\u201c[1907\ub144] \u4e00\u6708 \u516d\u65e5\ube0c\ud130 \u5e73\u58e4\u57ce\uc5d0\uc154 \u5e73\u5357\u90fd\u67fb\u7d93\u6703\ub97c \u958b\uf537\uace0 \u516b\u6240\ub85c \u5206\uf537\uc57c \u5de5\u592b\uf537\uba70 \u5404\u5b78\u6821\uc5d0\uc154\ub3c4 \u8056\u795e\ubc27\uae30 \u7232\uf537\uc57c \u7948\u79b1\u6703\ub97c \u958b\uf537\uc5ff\ue285\ue3a8 \u91d1\u71e6\u661f\uc774 \u5d07\u5fb7\u5b78\u6821\uc5d0\uc154 \u7948\u79b1\u6703\ub97c \u5f15\u5c0e\uf537\uba70 \u8def\u53ef\u798f\u97f3 \u5341\u4e94\u7ae0\uc5d0 \u8569\u5b50\u6094\u6539\u6bd4\u55a9\ub85c \u8b1b\u9053\uf53c \u6642 \u4e09\u767e\u9918\u540d \u5c0f\u5b78\u751f \u4e00\u540c\uc774 \u5927\u8072\u75db\u54ed\uf537\uba70 \u6216\u660f\u5012\u6c23\u7bc0\uf537\uba70 \u7f6a\ub97c \u81ea\u670d\uf537\ue57b \u6240\u805e\uc774 \u537d\u523b\uc73c\ub85c \u67fb\u7d93\u6703 \u5404\u6240\uc5d0 \u904d\u50b3\uf537\ub2c8\ub77c. \u6642\uc5d0 \u5409\u5584\u5b99\uac00 \u7b2c\u516b\u6240\uc5d0\uc154 \u8056\u795e\u8981\u7406\ub97c \u654e\u6388\uf537\ub354\ub2c8 \u8056\u795e\uc774 \u6703\u8846\uc5d0 \u81e8\uf537\ue57b \u8521\u5ef7\u654f\uc774 \u5927\u8072\u75db\u54ed\uf537\uba70 \u7f6a\ub97c \u81ea\u670d\uf537\uae30 \u59cb\u4f5c\uf537\uc57c \u516b\u6240 \u4e00\u540c\uc774 \u4e00\u6642 \u6094\u7f6a\u75db\u54ed\uf537\uc5ff\uc2a4\uba70 \u6bcf\u591c\uc5d0 \u674e\u5409\u54b8 \u5ba3\u654e\u5e2b\uc758 \u5f15\u5c0e\ub85c \u79ae\u62dc\uf537\ue285 \u4e2d \u5ffd\u7136\ud788 \u6025\uf53a \ubc14\ub78c\uc774 \u81e8\uf537\ue285 \ub4ef \uf537\ub354\ub2c8 \uc774\uc73d\uace0 \u8056\u795e\uc774 \u964d\u81e8\uf537\ub9e4 \u6eff\u5802\u807d\u8846\uc774 \u653e\u8072\u75db\u54ed\uf537\uba70 \u5404\u5176\u8d77\u7acb\uf537\uc57c \u7f6a\ub97c \u81ea\u670d\uf537\ub2c8 \u54ed\u8072\uacfc \u81ea\u670d\u8072\uc744 \u5206\u8fa8\ud0a4 \u96e3\uf537\ub354\ub77c.\u201d<\/p>\n
\uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubd80\ud765\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \uac70\uce58\uba74\uc11c \ud1a0\ucc29\uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uc640 \uc131\uacbd\uacf5\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5f4\uc815\uc774 \ub354\uc6b1 \uace0\uc870\ub41c \uac83\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860\uc774\ub2e4. \ud1a0\ucc29\uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c \uc5f4\uc815\uc740 \ub300\ub2e8\ud588\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc5f4\uc815\uc740 \ub2e4\ub984 \uc544\ub2cc \u2018\uc131\uc11c\ub97c \ubc30\uc6b0\ub824\ub294\u2019 \ud559\uc0dd\uc758 \uc5f4\uc815\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. 1907\ub144 \ud3c9\uc591 \ubd80\ud765\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ubaa9\uaca9\ud588\ub358 \uc2a4\uc648\ub978(W. L. Swallen)\uc758 \uc99d\uc5b8\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\u201c\ud55c\uad6d\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uc131\uc11c \uacf5\ubd80\uc5d0 \uc5f4\uc815\uc801\uc778 \ud559\uc0dd\ub4e4\uc774\ub2e4. \uc9d1\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uacf5\ubd80\ud558\uace0 \ucd08\ub4f1\ud559\uad50, \ud2b9\uc218\ud559\uad50, \uc911\ub4f1\ud559\uad50, \uc804\ubb38\ud559\uad50, \ub300\ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uacf5\ubd80\ud558\uace0 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uc640 \uc131\uacbd\ud559\uc6d0, \uc2e0\ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uacf5\ubd80\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc131\uc11c\ub97c \uacf5\ubd80\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \uc695\uad6c\ub97c \ucda9\ubd84\ud558\uac8c \ucc44\uc6cc\uc900 \uc801\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uc131\uc11c \uacf5\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5f4\uc815\uc740 \ub0a8\uc131 \ubabb\uc9c0\uc54a\uac8c \uc5ec\uc131\ub4e4\ub3c4 \ub300\ub2e8\ud558\uc5ec \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc774\ub4e4\uc740 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc11d\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc774\uc0bc\uc77c\uc529 \uac78\uc5b4\uc624\uae30\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub2e4.\u201d<\/p>\n
\uc120\uad50\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc740 \uc774\ubd88\uacfc \uc591\uc2dd\uc744 \uc9ca\uc5b4\uc9c0\uace0 \uc774\uc0bc\uc77c \uac78\ub824 \uc218\ubc31 \ub9ac \uae38\uc744 \uac78\uc5b4\uc11c \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \ud589\ub82c\uc744 \ubcf4\uba70 \uac10\ud0c4\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uac19\uc740 \uc2dc\uae30 \uc5b8\ub354\uc6b0\ub4dc\uc758 \uc99d\uc5b8\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\u201c\ud55c\uad6d \uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uba70\uce60\uc529 \uac78\uc5b4\uc11c \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc11d\ud558\ub294\ub370 \uc6ec\ub9cc\ud55c \uc5b4\ub824\uc6c0\uc740 \uac70\ub72c\ud788 \uacac\ub38c \ub0b4\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70 250\uba85\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9ce\uc744 \ub54c\ub294 1,180\uba85\uc529 \ubaa8\uc5ec \uc5f4\ud758\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f4\ub098\ud758 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc131\uc11c\ub97c \ubc30\uc6b4\ub2e4. \uc774 \uac19\uc740 \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc11d\ud588\ub358 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc740 \uace0\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uac00 \uc18c\uaddc\ubaa8 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\ub97c \uac1c\ucd5c\ud558\uc600\ub294\ub370 \ubd81\ubd80 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc758 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc120\uad50\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 1\ub144 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc774 \uac19\uc740 \uc18c\uaddc\ubaa8 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\ub97c 192\ud68c \uc2e4\uc2dc\ud574\uc11c \uc5f0\uc778\uc6d0 1\ub9cc\uc5ec \uba85\uc744 \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.\u201d<\/p>\n
\uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uac00 \ubd80\ud765\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uc694\uc778\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub4ef\uc774 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\ub294 \uad50\ud68c \ubd80\ud765\uc758 \uc694\uc778\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uc640 \uad50\ud68c \ubd80\ud765\uc774 \ub5bc\uc5b4\ub193\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc0c1\uc0dd(\u76f8\u751f) \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ub9fa\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc740 \ub9c8\ud3ab\uc758 \uc9c4\uc220\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ud655\uc778\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\u201c\ub2e4\ub978 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub098\ub77c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub807\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc \ud2b9\ud788 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc131\uc11c\uac00 \ubcf5\uc74c\ud654\uc758 \uc81c\uc77c \uc911\uc694\ud558\uace0\ub3c4 \uc6b0\uc120\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc778\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4\uc654\ub2e4. \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc131\uc11c\ub294 \uc544\uc8fc \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud55c \uc704\uce58\ub97c \ucc28\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud55c\uad6d \uad50\ud68c\ub294 \uc131\uc11c \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ucda9\ub9cc\ud558\uc5ec \uadf8 \ub2a5\ub825\uacfc \uc601\uc131\uacfc \uae30\ub3c4 \uc2e0\uc559\uacfc \uad00\ub300\ud568\uc744 \ubc1c\ud718\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc131\uc11c \uacf5\ubd80\uc640 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uac00 \ud55c\uad6d \uad50\ud68c \uc131\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uc544\uc8fc \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc694\uc778\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc124\uad50\uac00 \uc608\ubc30 \uc815\uc2e0\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc744 \uc900 \uac83\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc131\uc11c\uc57c\ub9d0\ub85c \ud55c\uad6d \uad50\ud68c\uc758 \uc2e0\uc559\uacfc \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc601\uc801 \uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \ucd94\uad6c\ud574\ub098\uac00\ub294 \ub370 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc601\uac10\uc744 \uacf5\uae09\ud574\uc8fc\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.\u201d<\/p>\n
\uac19\uc740 \ud3c9\uc591\uc5d0\uc11c \ud65c\ub3d9\ud588\ub358 \ubd81\uc7a5\ub85c\ud68c \uc120\uad50\uc0ac \ube14\ub808\uc5b4(W. N. Blair)\uc758 \uc99d\uc5b8\ub3c4 \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\u201c\ud55c\uad6d \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc758 \uac00\uc7a5 \ub450\ub4dc\ub7ec\uc9c4 \ud604\uc0c1 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \ud558\ub098\uac00 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c \uc81c\ub3c4\uc774\ub2e4. \uac1c\uad50\ud68c\ubcc4\ub85c \ub9e4\ub144 1\uc8fc\uc77c \ud639\uc740 \uadf8 \uc774\uc0c1 \ubaa8\uc5ec \uc131\uc11c\ub97c \ubc30\uc6b4\ub2e4. \ub9c8\uce58 \uc720\ub300\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \uc720\uc6d4\uc808\uc744 \uc9c0\ud0a4\ub4ef \ud55c\uad6d \uad50\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \uadf8 \ub54c\ub9cc \ub418\uba74 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc77c\uc0c1\uc0dd\ud65c\uc744 \uc811\uc5b4\ub450\uace0 \uc624\uc9c1 \uc131\uc11c \uacf5\ubd80\uc640 \uae30\ub3c4\uc5d0\ub9cc \uc804\ub150\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\uac19\uc774 \uc131\uc11c \uacf5\ubd80\uc5d0\ub9cc \uc804\ub150\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc \uad50\ud68c\uc804\uccb4\uac00 \ub2e8\ud569\ub418\uc5b4 \uc0ac\ub791\uacfc \ubd09\uc0ac\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \ubd80\ud765\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ucf00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc810\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc\ud07c\uc740 \ubbf8\uad6d\ub3c4 \ud55c\uad6d\uc744 \ubcf8\ubc1b\uc544 \ubd80\ud765 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud574\ub098\uac00\uc57c \ud560 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.\u201d<\/p>\n
\ube14\ub808\uc5b4\ub294 \ud55c\uad6d\uad50\ud68c \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\ub97c \uc720\ub300\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \u2018\uc720\uc6d4\uc808\u2019(passover) \ubb38\ud654\uc5d0 \ube44\uc720\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\ucc98\ub7fc \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\ub294 1907\ub144 \ubd80\ud765\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \uac70\uce58\uba74\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d\uad50\ud68c\uc758 \ub300\ud45c\uc801\uc778 \u2018\uc2e0\uc559\ucd95\uc81c\u2019, \u2018\uc808\uae30\ubb38\ud654\u2019\ub85c \uc790\ub9ac \uc7a1\uc558\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uad6c\uc57d\uc131\uc11c\ub3c4 \ubc88\uc5ed\ub418\uc5b4 \u2018\uc131\uacbd \uc804\uccb4\u2019\ub97c \uc77d\uace0 \uacf5\ubd80\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub41c 1911\ub144 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub7f0 \ud604\uc0c1\uc740 \ub354\uc6b1 \uac15\ud654\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud3c9\ubd81 \uc120\ucc9c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud65c\ub3d9\ud558\ub358 \ubd81\uc7a5\ub85c\ud68c \uc120\uad50\uc0ac \ub85c\uc2a4(C. Ross)\uc758 \uc99d\uc5b8\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\u201c\uc5ec\ub7ec \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \uc218\uace0\ub85c \uc2e0\uc57d\uc740 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc218\ub144 \uc804\uc5d0 \ubc88\uc5ed\ub418\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc \uad6c\uc57d\uc774 \ud55c\uae00\ub85c \ubc88\uc5ed\ub41c \uac83, \uc989 \uc131\uc11c \uc804\uccb4\uac00 \ubc88\uc5ed\ub41c \uac83\uc740 \ubd88\uacfc \uc791\ub144[1910\ub144]\uc758 \uc77c\uc774\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0\ub294 \ud55c\ubb38\uc744 \uc77d\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud559\uc790\ub4e4\ub9cc \uad6c\uc57d \ubcf8\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc811\uadfc\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uac10\uc548\ud560 \ub54c \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uc77c\ubc18 \ud3c9\ubbfc\ub4e4\uc774 \ucc98\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c \uc131\uc11c \uc804\uccb4\ub97c \uc811\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uc791\ub144\uc740 \uae30\ub150\ube44\uc801\uc778 \ud574\ub77c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc810\uc774 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uac16\uace0 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \uad73\uc774 \uc124\uba85\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0\ub294 \ud55c\ubb38\uc744 \ud574\ub3c5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc5bc\ub9c8 \ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc73c\ub85c [\uad6c\uc57d \ubcf8\ubb38\uc744] \uc774 \ub098\ub77c \ub9d0\ub85c \ubc88\uc5ed\ud574 [\uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c \uad50\uc7ac\ub85c] \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \uc131\uc11c \uc804\uccb4\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud3ed\ub113\uac8c \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c \uad50\uc548\uc744 \ub9c8\ub828\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc774\uc81c\ub294 \uc9c0\uc5ed \uc120\uad50\ubd80 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\ub4e0, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0\uc11c \ud30c\uacac \ub098\uc628 \uc120\uad50\uc0ac\ub4e0, \ud1a0\ucc29\uad50\uc778\uc774\ub4e0 \ub204\uad6c\ub098 \uc0ac\uacbd\ud68c \uad50\uc0ac\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u270d\ufe0f(\ub300\ud55c\uc131\uc11c\uacf5\ud68c \uc81c\uacf5 \u00a0\uc774\ub355\uc8fc\uad50\uc218)<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\ubcf5\uc74c\uc804\ub3c4\ub97c \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\ub9bd\ub41c \uc131\uc11c\uacf5\ud68c\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uc0ac\uc5ed\uc778 \uc131\uc11c \ubc88\uc5ed\uacfc \ucd9c\ud310\uacfc \ubc18\ud3ec \uc0ac\uc5c5\uc774 \uc9c0\ub2cc \uc2e0\ud559\uc801 \uc758\ubbf8\ub294 \uc2e4\ub85c \ud06c\ub2e4. \uc131\uc11c \ubc88\uc5ed\uc774\ub098 \ucd9c\ud310\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uacbd\uc804 \ubc88\uc5ed\uc774\ub098 \ucc45 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uae30\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc131\uc11c \uc18d\uc5d0 \ub2f4\uae34 \u2018\ud558\ub098\ub2d8\uc758 \ub9d0\uc500\u2019\uc774 \ud55c \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub85c \uc62e\uaca8\uc9d0\uc73c\ub85c \ub9d0\uc500 \uc18d\uc5d0 \ub2f4\uae34 \ubcf5\uc74c\uc740 … Continue reading